Well this is the easiest chapter to start with and one can easily attempt questions without using Paper-Pen.
The approach to solve questions revolves around finding work done per unit time i.e. work done in 1 day or 1 year or 1 hour.It depends upon the time unit given in the question.
For e.g.
Q. PM Modi visits 54 countries in 3 years. How many countries will he visit in 5 years ?
In this question year is the unit of time.
3 years -------------- 54 countries
1 year -------------- 54/3 = 18 countries (Efficiency)
Once we have this number 18 we can easily find that in 5 years he can visit 18*5 = 90 Countries
Secondly, Efficiency is inversely proportional to time
i.e. if Modi is thrice efficient than Manmohan it means that to do a piece of work Manmohan takes thrice as much time as Modi.